Deploy on Zircuit

A tutorial for deploying a smart contract on Zircuit using Foundry

This tutorial will guide you through the complete process of setting up Foundry, creating a smart contract, and deploying it to the Zircuit testnet. Foundry is a powerful, fast, and portable toolkit for Ethereum application development written in Rust.

Prerequisites

Before starting, ensure you have:

A Unix-like operating system (macOS, Linux, or WSL on Windows)
Git installed
A wallet with some ETH on Zircuit
Basic understanding of Solidity and blockchain concepts

What is Foundry?

Foundry is a blazing fast, portable and modular toolkit for Ethereum application development. It consists of:

Forge: Ethereum testing framework (like Truffle, Hardhat)
Cast: Swiss army knife for interacting with EVM smart contracts, sending transactions and getting chain data
Anvil: Local Ethereum node, akin to Ganache, Hardhat Network
Chisel: Fast, utilitarian, and verbose Solidity REPL

Set Up Foundry

First, we'll install Foundry using the official installer script:

# Download and install Foundry
curl -L https://foundry.paradigm.xyz | bash

# Reload your shell configuration to make foundryup available
source ~/.zshrc  # for zsh users
# OR
source ~/.bashrc  # for bash users

# Install the latest version of Foundry tools
foundryup

What this does:

Downloads the Foundry installer script
Installs foundryup, the Foundry toolchain installer
Updates your shell to recognize the new commands
Installs or updates forge, cast, anvil, and chisel

Verify installation:

forge --version

Create a New Counter Project

Initialize a new Foundry project with the counter template:

# Create a new Foundry project called 'counter'
forge init counter

# Navigate into the project directory
cd counter

What this creates:

counter/
├── lib/               # Dependencies (like node_modules)
├── script/            # Deployment scripts
│   └── Counter.s.sol  # Deployment script
├── src/               # Smart contract source files
│   └── Counter.sol    # Main contract
├── test/              # Test files
│   └── Counter.t.sol  # Contract tests
└── foundry.toml       # Foundry configuration file

Set Up Your Private Key for Deployment

Never use your mainnet private key for testing. Always use a separate wallet for testnet development.

You need to securely store your private key for contract deployment:

cast wallet import mainnetKey --interactive

What this does:

Prompts you to enter your private key securely (won't display on screen)
Encrypts and stores the key locally under the name "defaultKey"
Requires a password to encrypt the stored key

Compile Your Smart Contract

Compile all contracts in your project:

forge compile

What this does:

Compiles all .sol files in the src/ directory
Generates ABI (Application Binary Interface) files
Creates bytecode for deployment
Checks for compilation errors and warnings
Outputs artifacts to out/ directory

Expected output:

[⠊] Compiling...
[⠃] Compiling 23 files with Solc 0.8.30
[⠊] Solc 0.8.30 finished in 889.13ms
Compiler run successful!

Review the Contract and Deployment Script

Let's examine the smart contract and deployment script in detail:

src/Counter.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

contract Counter {
    // State variable to store the counter value
    uint256 public number;

    // Function to set the counter to a specific value
    function setNumber(uint256 newNumber) public {
        number = newNumber;
    }

    // Function to increment the counter by 1
    function increment() public {
        number++;
    }
}

Contract explanation:

uint256 public number: A public state variable that automatically generates a getter function
setNumber(): Allows setting the counter to any value
increment(): Increases the counter by 1
All functions are public, meaning anyone can call them

script/Counter.s.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: UNLICENSED
pragma solidity ^0.8.13;

import {Script} from "forge-std/Script.sol";
import {Counter} from "../src/Counter.sol";

contract CounterScript is Script {
    Counter public counter;

    function setUp() public {}

    function run() public {
        // Start recording transactions for broadcast
        vm.startBroadcast();
        
        // Deploy the Counter contract
        counter = new Counter();
        
        // Stop recording transactions
        vm.stopBroadcast();
    }
}

Deployment script explanation:

Inherits from Script to access deployment utilities
vm.startBroadcast(): Begins recording transactions to broadcast to the network
new Counter(): Deploys a new instance of the Counter contract
vm.stopBroadcast(): Stops recording transactions

Deploy Your Smart Contract

Customize your foundry.toml for different networks:

[profile.default]
src = "src"
out = "out"
libs = ["lib"]

# Zircuit RPC configuration
[rpc_endpoints]
zircuit_mainnet = "https://mainnet.zircuit.com"
garfield_testnet = "https://garfield-testnet.zircuit.com"

Deploy the contract to Zircuit

forge script script/Counter.s.sol:CounterScript \
    --rpc-url zircuit_mainnet \
    --account mainnetKey \
    --broadcast

Command breakdown:

forge script: Command to run deployment scripts
script/Counter.s.sol:CounterScript: Path to script file and contract name
--rpc-url: The RPC endpoint
--account <key>: Uses the imported private key
--broadcast: Actually sends transactions to the network

Expected output (Garfield Testnet):

[⠊] Compiling...
No files changed, compilation skipped
Enter keystore password:
Script ran successfully.

## Setting up 1 EVM.

==========================

Chain 48898

Estimated gas price: 0.000000509 gwei

Estimated total gas used for script: 203856

Estimated amount required: 0.000000000103762704 ETH

==========================

##### 48898
✅  [Success] Hash: 0x59bf94e4055ee2c4a71b9e6a7b7589ad3a5831ac38717c5f0d488eb4ed365a77
Contract Address: 0x6E69d4f9bc6a3E2f67d2D86877800482A8cdca40
Block: 8549829
Paid: 0.000000000039987315 ETH (156813 gas * 0.000000255 gwei)

✅ Sequence #1 on 48898 | Total Paid: 0.000000000039987315 ETH (156813 gas * avg 0.000000255 gwei)

Copy the Contract Address from the output - you'll need it for the next step!

Interact with Your Smart Contract

Now that your contract is deployed, you can interact with it using cast.

Execute a State-Changing Function

To call the increment() function (which costs gas):

cast send <CONTRACT_ADDRESS> "increment()" \
    --rpc-url https://mainnet.zircuit.com \
    --account mainnetKey

Replace <CONTRACT_ADDRESS> with your actual contract address from step 6.

What this does:

Sends a transaction to call the increment() function
Uses your imported private key to sign the transaction
Pays gas fees for the transaction

Expected output (Garfield Testnet):

blockHash            0x97162a12dc900daf598e18c7a026d0b7bea5b121fc20bd99600292b53ba8148b
blockNumber          8550305
contractAddress      
cumulativeGasUsed    91965
effectiveGasPrice    255
from                 0xbd9B49deFc88AC16D7fC0F7FE6Eb7E0F54F6317f
gasUsed              43482
...

Read Contract State

To read the current value of number (free, no gas required):

cast call <CONTRACT_ADDRESS> "number()" \
    --rpc-url https://mainnet.zircuit.com

Expected output:

0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001

This hexadecimal output represents the number 1, showing that our increment worked!

To convert hex to decimal:

cast --to-dec 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001
# Output: 1

Additional Interaction Examples

Set the counter to a specific value:

cast send <CONTRACT_ADDRESS> "setNumber(uint256)" 42 \
    --rpc-url https://mainnet.zircuit.com \
    --account mainnetKey

Check the balance of your deployer address:

cast balance <YOUR_WALLET_ADDRESS> \
    --rpc-url https://mainnet.zircuit.com

Get transaction details:

cast tx <TRANSACTION_HASH> \
    --rpc-url https://mainnet.zircuit.com

Verifying Contracts

After doing programmatic interactions with the smart contract, you can also verify the contract using forge.

forge verify-contract <CONTRACT_ADDRESS> <SOURCE_FILE>:<CONTRACT_NAME> \
--chain-id 48900 \
--verifier sourcify \
--verifier-url https://sourcify.dev/server

https://explorer.zircuit.com/address/<CONTRACT_ADDRESS>

forge verify-contract <CONTRACT_ADDRESS> <SOURCE_FILE>:<CONTRACT_NAME> \
--chain-id 48898 \
--verifier sourcify \
--verifier-url https://sourcify.dev/server

https://explorer.garfield-testnet.zircuit.com/address/<CONTRACT_ADDRESS>

Advanced Features

Running Tests

Foundry includes a powerful testing framework:

# Run all tests
forge test

# Run tests with verbose output
forge test -vvv

# Run specific test
forge test --match-test testIncrement

Code Coverage

Generate test coverage reports:

forge coverage

Gas Reporting

Get detailed gas usage reports:

forge test --gas-report

Gas Reporting

Get detailed gas usage reports:

forge test --gas-report

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